考点清单 1.时间状语从句
★常用连词:when,before/after,(not)until,while(当……时候),as soon as,(ever)since,the moment(一……就……),every/each time(每
次),as,immediately(一……就……),whenever,next time,by the time(到……时候),hardly...when...(一……就……),no sooner...than...(一……就……)
★时间状语从句的常用句型
(1)not...until/till...“直到……才……”。
He didn’t go to bed until he finished all his homework. (2)It will be/was+一段时间+before...“过多长时间才……”。 It will be long before I come back from Japan. (3)It+was+not long before...“不久……就……”。 It was not long before we finished the project.
(4)It is/has been+一段时间+since...“自从……以来多长时间了”。 It is three years since he left home.
(5)No sooner+had+主语+过去分词+than...(正常语序:主语+had no sooner+过去分词+than...)“一……就……”。
No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.=I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off.
(6)Hardly+had+主语+过去分词+when...(正常语序:主语+had hardly+过去分词+when...)“一……就……”。
Hardly had we fallen asleep when the bell rang.=We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang.
注意:(5)和(6)这两个句型中,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。 ★while与when引导时间状语从句
while引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词,when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性或非延续性动词。
Please listen to me while/when I read the article. Mother was cooking when I got home.
★表示“一……就……”的连词:as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment
I’ll give you an answer the moment I finish reading your paper. 2.地点状语从句
★常用连词:where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等。 Where there is a will,there is a way. You can go anywhere you like.
Everywhere you go,you should do your work well. ★与定语从句的区别
where引导定语从句时,从句前有一个表示地点的词作先行词,而状语从句前则没有先行词。
Go back where you came from.(地点状语从句)
Go back to the village where you came from.(定语从句) 3.原因状语从句
★常用连词:because,as,since,now that
because语气较强,用以回答why的问句;as 语气较弱,所表达的原因比较明显;since语气较弱,常表示对方已知的事实,相当于汉语中的“既然”,since从句多置于主句之前;now that主要用于口语,常译为“既然”。
Because it is raining hard,let’s take a taxi.
As it was a public holiday,all the shops were closed. Since you are free tonight,why not play chess with me? Now that you have come,you may as well stay. 4.目的状语从句
★常用连词:in order that,so that
in order that 可置于句首或句尾,而so that 往往只置于句尾;目的状语从句中常使用may/might/will/would/shall/should/can/could等情态动词。
I hurried through my work so that I could be in time for his birthday party. In order that you can get the job,you must prepare for the interview.
课课练随堂清
1. I hated dinner parties,I decided to give another try because I’m in London.I did so 2. dinner parties in London were very different from those back in New York.Also,my friend Carla’s invitation encouraged me.There,“I’m having a dinner party” means:“I’m booking a table for 12 at a
restaurant;you can’t afford and we’ll be sharing the money,no matter 3. you eat.” Worse,in New York someone always leaves 4. the bill arrives.They’ll throw down cash—half of 5.like me,6.
they owe,and then people
don’t drink,end up paying even more.But 7. I
try to use the same trick,the hostess will be angry.And it’s not like I can say I have somewhere to go—everyone knows I have nowhere to go.
But in London,dinner parties are in people’s homes.Not only that,the guests are an interesting mix.8.
I went to one last time,the guests were from France
and Japan.9. I arrived,I felt it was like a gathering at the United Nations.In New York,the mix is less striking.It’s like a gathering at a well-known department store.
For New Yorkers,people like talking about other parts of the world 10. they are free.They are interested in new things.
课后篇章习题
According to a survey in May, about 9.8 percent of the 93, 420 graduates said they wouldn’t begin working right after 1 (graduate). This phenomenon is called “delayed employment”.
In fact, the number of students 2 have decided not to start their careers within six months has been increasing 3 (steady) since 2011. One reason is 4 young people want to find a job 5 (relate)to their personal interests, and they are not willing to give in or take jobs they don’t like. Another reason that some have determined to delay 6 (find) work is to avoid the fierce competition of the job market. Recently, some Chinese college students 7 (choose) to travel or volunteer instead of getting jobs. For example, Chen Nuan, 23, who will graduate 8 the Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts this summer, has planned 9 (tour)Europe. As the old Chinese Saying goes, “Traveling thousands of miles is 10 (good) than reading thousands of books.”
答案
本文为说明文。根据5月份的一项调查,93,420名毕业生中约9.8%的人表示他们不会在毕业后立即开始工作。
1.graduation 考查名词。句意:根据5月份的一项调查,93,420名毕业生中约9.8%的人表示,他们不会在毕业后立即开始工作。根据句意,本空需要填graduate的名词形式,故填graduation。
2.who/that 考查定语从句。句意:事实上,自2011年以来,决定在6个月内不开始职业生涯的学生人数一直在稳步增长。此处引导定语从句,修饰先行词students,在从句中作主语,指人,故用关系代词who或that。
3.steadily 考查副词。此处需用副词修饰谓语动词,故填steadily。
4.that 考查名词性从句。句意:一个原因是,年轻人想找一份与他们个人兴趣相关的工作,他们不愿意屈就也不愿意接受他们不喜欢的工作。本句为表语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,故用连接词that。
5.related 考查非谓语动词。此处作job的后置定语,故用related。 6.finding 考查非谓语动词。句意:另一个一些人决定推迟找工作的原因是为了避免就业市场的激烈竞争。delay doing sth.推迟做某事,后跟动名词,故用finding。
7.have chosen/are choosing 考查动词时态。句意:最近,一些中国大学生选择旅游或做志愿者而不是找工作。根据上文的Recently可知,本句应用现在完成时,填have chosen;或者描述近期一段时间一直持续发生的动作,用现在进行时,主语为复数,故用are choosing。
8.from 考查介词。句意:例如,今年夏天将从上海视觉艺术学院毕业的23岁的陈暖就计划去欧洲旅行。graduate from毕业于……。
9.to tour 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.计划做某事,故填to tour。 10.better 考查形容词比较级。读万卷书不如行万里路。根据下文的than可知此处为比较级,故填better。
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