剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义必备学习

美式论文、报告写作技巧

编者按：美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用，因此，报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式，比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文（含毕业论文）等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩，是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。

美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯，在启发式的教育环境下，写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生，虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强，但是表达能力由於自小培养，加上英语能力的优势，常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练，因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦，其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。

通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下：

(一) 篇首：

封面(Title) 序言(Preface) 谢词(Acknowledge) 提要(Summary)

目录(Tables and Appendixes)

(二) 本文：

引言(Introduction)

主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释 (Footnotes)

(三)参考资料：

参考书目(References or Bibliography) 附录资料(Appendix)。

进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为题目。题目可以提供研究者： 一.研究的方向 二.研究的范围 三.资料搜集的范围 四.预期研究成果

通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤， 大纲是论文、报告的骨干， Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告，要基于在完整、详实的资料上，而参考资料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的来源就是图书馆了，一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志，及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料，在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪，即可开始着手写报告，

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告，及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。

就算是小报告，也至少应含

(一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期 (二)Summary： 即主要的结论

(三)Introduction：包括理论背景及内容

(四)Technical Sections：是论文的主体，为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。 (五)Conclusions：即扼要的结论

(六)Appendixes：复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项

美式报告的撰写通常要打字，两行式，行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑，如有计算数字统计图表的需求，也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS，统计分析软体如SAS，也是不可或缺的，电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具，文书处理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改，如能请老美帮忙会比较好。

论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation)，用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战，通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟，若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助，正式讲演前多预习几次，时间宜控制适中，上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念，需留意听众的反应，切中主题，避免太多数字的导引。

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

史上最牛英语口语学习法：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 太平洋在线英语，可免费体验全部外教一对一课程：www.pacificenglish.cn

第一课时

开场白

考试简介：

三部分，30题，30分钟听题，10分钟誊写。 Part One: 填空题：Words, Numbers Part Two: 搭配题：大意+推测 Part Three: 选择题：大意+细节+推测 B: Tom, the report is too good to you.

T: Well, I think I had a good day. B: Tom, I wasn't born yesterday.

A. 赞扬 B. 怀疑 C. 没有明确态度 too 相当于一个否定词，将后面所跟形容词意思否定。 当too后面跟很表感情的形容词时除外。 too excited 检查 examine check inspect

What's your name? 语音：

听力资料： 阅读资料： englishhome.blogchina.com the Economist www.beelinetv.com Fortune webtv.bokee.com

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

www.bbc.co.uk www.guardian.org Fortune Test 1

Listening 40 minutes (including 10 minutes’ transfer time)

PART ONE Questions 1-12

You will hear three telephone conversations or messages.

Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below. After you have listened once, replace each recording.

Conversation One (Questions 1-4)

Look at the form below.

You will hear a man asking a colleague for information about a former employee.

Personnel Record

NAME: Stephen (1)………………………………………… ADDRESS: 183 School Road,

Barnfield, BF2 8TP

DEPAERTMENT: (2) …………………………………………………… POST HELP: (3) ……………………………………… (temporary) MONTHLY SALARY: (4)￡……………………………………………………

Conversation Two (Questions 5-8)

Look at the note below.

You will hear a man describing a problem with an order.

WHILE YOU WERE OUT

Message for: Steven Kirby From: Mark Jones

Company: (5) ……………………………………………………

Message

Re: Stationary order

Problem with the (6) ……………………………………… ordered. The (7) ………………………………… need 500 and he needs 750. Also (8) ………………………………… need to be repositioned.

答案

1 JAYE

2 CUSTOMER SERVICES 3 OFFICE ASSISTANT 4 457.60

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

5 EUROPE HOLIDAYS 6 BUSINESS CARDS 7 MARKETING EXCUTIVES 8 COMPANY LOGO

Tapescript

Listening Test 1

This is the Business English Certificate Vantage 2, Listening Test 1. Part One. Questions 1 to 12.

You will hear three telephone conversations or messages.

Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below. After you have listened once, replace each recording. Conversation One. Questions 1 to 4

Look at the form below.

You will hear a man asking a colleague for information about a former employee. You have 15 seconds to read through the form. [pause]

Now listen, and fill in the spaces. Woman: Personnel …

Man: Hello, it’s Tim here, from Finance.

Woman: Hi, Tim.

Man: I’ve had a letter from the tax office about a student who worked here last summer – I wonder if you could look him up in your records.

Woman: Sure, what’s the name?

Man: The surname’s Jaye. First name Stephen. Woman: How does he spell his surname? Man: J-A-Y-E. Got that?

Woman: Oh yes, here we are … live at a hundred and eighty-three School Road, Barnfield… Man: Yes, that’s the one.

Woman: And you say he was working in Finance? Man: Uhm, Customer Service, actually.

Woman: Aah – they had lots of students working for them last summer.

Man: Well, the tax people want to know his exact job title – I’m not sure why. Woman: Mm, let me see … He was an office assistant.

Man: Right, got that. They also want to know about his monthly earnings.

Woman: Let’s have a look … five hundred and thirty-eight pounds seventy a month … Oh, sorry, he was a scale one, so that’s four hundred and fifty-seven pounds sixty. Anything else? Man: That’s fine. Thanks. I’ll send them the information today…

[pause]

Now listen to the recording again. [pause]

Conversation Two. Questions 5 to 8. Look at the note below.

You will hear a man describing a problem with an order. You have 15 seconds to read through the note.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

[pause]

Now listen, and fill in the spaces.

Woman: Hello, Blackwell Printers. Julie Davidson speaking. How may I help you?

Man: Hello, This is Mark Jones from Europe Holidays. I was hoping to speak to Steven Kirby about the stationery you’re printing for us.

Woman: I’m afraid Steven’s away until Friday.

Man: Oh-you see I’m not very happy with the business cards and I wanted to see if I could make a couple of changes to the paper too.

Woman: Would you like me to pass on a message?

Man: Yes, please. The thing is, I’ve just received your proofs – the cards themselves are fine, but you seem to have misunderstood the quantities. I’m sure I asked for five hundred for each of the marketing executives and seven hundred and fifty for me but you’ve put everyone down for seven hundred and fifty. Woman: Right, I’ve made me a note of that. Is there anything else?

Man: Yes, well this is my mistake really. Could you ask Steven to move the company logo further to the left? It’s too close to the address at the moment. I think that’s all for now. Thanks.

[pause]

Now listen to the recording again.

第二课时

I NUMBERS

1 日期: the first of October, October the first, October first

the 27th of July the 18th of June Sep. the 12th Sep. the 15th May the sixteenth Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹 Weather Report 天气预报 2 电话号码：

double six— 66 triple seven--777 four zeros--0000 65046721 24556211 30778109 3 编号：

reference number, booking number, catalogue number, conference room number 数字+字母+符号

字母：GJ，MN，OL，BDTP SM， SN， SO， SL， 符号：dash – slash / 4 数量：

hundred: 后有两位数

thousand, million, billion, trillion：t, m, b, tr 点三杠四，从右向左： 英-中：杠四 16t520—1/6520 523t500—52/3500 中-英：点三

18万6000—186，000

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

背景知识：

proprietor 自主经营者 proprietorship partnership 合伙

corporation 公司 company, business, firm meeting of shareholders 股东大会 Board of Directors, the Board 董事会 Chairman, Chairperson

President 总裁，执行董事 CEO 首席执行官

CTO 首席技术执行官 CFO 首席财务执行官 CIO 首席信息执行官 Vice President 副总

Sales Executive 销售主官 Marketing Executive 市场主官 Marketing 市场

market research, survey, questionnaire, interview

market segmentation, target consumer, consumer behaviour, consuming habits 市场细分 消费者行为 消费习惯 Sales

products, consumer

potential consumer: choice, preference, attitudes… difficult consumers price tag 价签

Personnel/Human Resources 人事部/人力资源部 recruit, recruitment, take…on 招聘

They took me on five years ago. 五年前他们把我招了进来。 interview 面试 candidate 候选人 three rounds of interviews 三轮面试 Training & Education

in company training 内部培训

outside training 外出培训

evaluation, performance evaluation, score, marks, grade 评估，打分，评级

第三课时

fire, dismiss 开除 resign, quit, leave, resignation 离职 pre-sales, after sales

Customer Services 客户服务部

interest become interested in sth. arouse one's interest in sth. installation 组装

Accountancy 财会部门 记录帐目 accountant 会计

Financing 财务部 Fund-raising 集资

financial analysist 财务分析师

company logo 公司标识 company image 公司形象 company reputation 公司名誉 good-will spokesperson 代言人

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

Conversation Three (Questions 9-12)

Look at the note below.

You will hear a woman calling about the arrangements for a meeting. TELEPHONE MESSAGE

For: John Fitzgerald Name of caller: Elizabeth Parnell Date: 7 / 12 / 2002 Time: 10.05

Message: Elizabeth will be in the USA until next Tuesday, for a (9) …………………………………… Could you:

Change the meeting to (10) ……………………………………..on Wednesday. Add an item to the agenda: the (11) ………………………………………..? Please phone Elizabeth today at (12) ……………………………………………. 日程 schedule diary check my diary project schedule 项目计划 itinerary 行程 agenda 议程 item 一条内容 答案：

9 TRADE FAIR 10 AFTER LUNCH

11 REVISED BUDGETS 12 HEAD OFFICE

postpone till some time

postpone to some time 推迟到.......

I thought...but... I meant, I had thought... 后面的内容没有实现 Tapescript

Conversation Three. Questions 9 to 12 Look at the note below.

You will hear a woman calling about the arrangements for a meeting. You have 15 seconds to read through the note. [pause]

Now listen, and fill in the spaces.

Man: Good morning. Marketing Department. Peter Menzies speaking. Woman: Hello. Could I speak to John Fitzgerald, please?

Man: I’m afraid he’s not in the office at the moment.

Woman: Well, this is Elizabeth Parnell calling. I wanted to talk to John about the meeting next week. You see, I only get back on Tuesday night from a trade fair in the States. Man: So, would you like me to give him a message?

Woman: Yes, could you ask him if we can postpone Wednesday’s meeting? Till after lunch. That would be easier. I was originally going to be at ten a.m.

Man: OK. I’ll ask him to change it. I’ll get back to you with a time.

Woman: Thanks. And could you also ask him to add another item for discussion at the meeting? I thought we were going

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

to talk about the revised budgets – but I can’t see this on the agenda. Man: OK. I’d better ask him to call you …

Woman: Yes, please. I’m at Head Office at the moment. Can he phone me here today – I won’t be back at my own desk until tomorrow afternoon.

Man: Right, I’ll give him the message. Woman: Thanks. Man: Bye. Woman: Goodbye. [pause]

Now listen to the recording again. [pause]

That is the end of Part One. You now have 20 seconds to check your answers.

[pause]

Part Two Section Two (Questions 18-22)

You will hear another five recordings.

For each recording, decide what the speaker’s purpose is. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. Do not use any letter more than once.

After you have listened once, replay the recordings. 18 ……………………………………

19 ……………………………………

20 ……………………………………

21 ……………………………………

22 ……………………………………

答案：18 C 19 G 20 H 21 E 22 B Tapescript

Section Two. Question 18 to 22.

You will hear another five recordings.

For each recording, decide what the speaker’s purpose is. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. Do not use any letter more than once.

After you have listened once, replay the recordings. You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H.

[pause]

Now listen, and decide what each speaker’s purpose is.

[pause]

A to make a complaint B to deny something C to offer assistance D to ask for advice E to express doubt F to ask for permission G to explain an action H to recommend a new policy

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

Eighteen

Man: Hello. This is Guy Cooper from Centron Electronics here. I believe you rang for some advice about your alarm system, which isn’t functioning properly. The message I got said you weren’t sure if you needed someone to come and sort it out, or if we could advise you over the phone. Well perhaps you’d like to get back to me as soon as it’s convenient and tell me exactly what the problem is, and I’ll see what I can do.

[pause] Nineteen

Woman: Well, as you say, Redlon has been supplying us for years but, quite honestly, two-thirds of the complaints we receive about our products are actually due to faults in components we’ve had from Redlon. So I talked to the Production Manager and he agreed that I should look at some alternatives. Future World’s range is fine for us, and one of their customers who I spoke to recommended them highly, so that’s why we’ve changed to using them. [pause] Twenty

Woman: The competition’s getting tougher, and you know we’ve facing serious problems. We need to see more benefit from the undeniably hard work we’re putting in, and this means saying no to jobs which aren’t profitable. It would be much more beneficial to put all our efforts into winning higher-margin contracts. So the way I feel you can help most is by identifying the types of contracts which bring in the income we need in order to ensure our future.

[pause] Twenty-one

Man: John Woods here, phoning about the project we discussed earlier. Could you give me a ring so that we can talk about it a bit more? I’ve done a few calculations and I’m beginning to wonder whether it’s really a practical proposition. I still think the project’s got potential, but there are significant additional costs which we hadn’t taken into account. So could you get back to me as soon as you can, please? [pause]

Twenty-two

Woman: Hello, Sally here, from Pagwell Paints, returning your call. I’m very sorry you aren’t happy with the latest consignment you’ve had from us. It’s rather strange, because following your complaint about the last delivery, we did in fact take action to change the specifications in the way you suggested. So it isn’t quite fair to say that we ignored your advice. I know it’s important to achieve the consistency that you require, but perhaps your recommendation wasn’t exactly what’s needed.

[pause]

Now listen to the recording again. [pause]

That is the end of Part Two.

[pause]

Part Two 分析：

1分类：places/addresses/topics/opinions/reasons/purposes/function 2重点：purpose/topics/function

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

3解题方法：

1）审题，找中心词

2）先听后选

3）注意力分配：首句—方向；末句—信息最多 but, however, so, therefore

although, though, despite, in spite of 4）注意陷阱:原词

第四课时

Part Two 分析：

4 PURPOSE 1) descriptive

a. complaint: make, confirm product quality 产品质量

b. appointment/meeting/invitation: make, confirm 时间/事件

change 先道歉 推迟(postpone) 取消(cancel) 细节变动 confirm 先道谢

c. assistance/permission/advice: ask for, give 上级对下级是give，下级对上级是ask for d. satisfaction/appreciation/compliment/congratulation You deserve it. 是你应得的。/你活该。

e. make an enquire/ask for information/order/make a reservation

Section Two. Question 18 to 22.

• You will hear another five short messages.

• For each message, decide what the speaker is doing. • Write one letter A - H next to the number of the message. • You will hear the five messages twice. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

Section Two. Question 18 to 22.

A arranging a meeting B making an appointment C offering an invitation D canceling an order E making an apology F making an enquiry G confirming an arrangement H making a complaint You will hear another five recordings.

For each recording, decide what the speaker’s purpose is. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. Do not use any letter more than once.

After you have listened once, replay the recordings. You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H. [pause]

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

Now listen, and decide what each speaker’s purpose is.

This is Mr. Lim from T. P. Consultants. We arranged to rent some computers from you for a training course in July, but they won't be needed. We've run into some problems with the training room. When it's sorted out we'll get back to you.

Donald, this is Mary here. I'm trying to get the project leaders together to discuss the current delivery delays. I've provisionally booked Room W72 for Wednesday morning. Could you phone round to see if everybody can make it?

Hello, I wonder if you can help me. This is Bill Kennedy on 3416577. I am phoning to see if you have any vacancies in your Accounts Department. I spoke to someone at the weekend who thought there might be the possibility of a temporary position. And I'd like to find out more about it.

Hi, it's Tom Ling. You left a message asking if I could attend the directors' meeting Friday lunch time. I'm just calling to let you know that I'll be able to make it although I might be a few minutes late. I've got an appointment with the dentist earlier on, but I hope to be back in time.

Dave, it's Maisy. If you're free at the weekend, would you like to come with us to the theatre. We'd like to treat you. We feel we owe it to you for all the help you've given us recently. There's a new comedy on. Supposed to be really good.

18…arranged…but…

19…get project leaders together… 20…phoning to see if…

21…left a message…Friday lunch time… 22…would you…come with us… 2 重点：purpose/topics/function

2) persuasive

a. recommend/suggest/propose

so…I think…should, had better, would, have to… effective 有效的 help, work

b. explain so, then, therefore, as a result, that’s why… c. apologize/refuse

d. contradict 比较 in comparison, however,while, on the other hand… similarly, quite similar, likewise 3) neutral

a. doubt thinke it over, take sth. into account, reconsideration b. criticize/sarcasm/warn movie critic 影评人

第五课时

Section Two ( Questions 18 – 22 )

• you will hear another five short pieces.

• For each piece, decide what the speaker is trying to do.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

• Write one letter ( A – H ) next to the number of the piece. • You will hear the five pieces twice. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

答案：BGFEC

Tape scripts:

18. This is the third time I've called about this. It's a complete waste of my time and my staffs time. When we ordered

the photocopier from you, you assured us it would be installed by one of your engineers and set up ready for use. Well, all your engineer basically did is plug it in and that was that. And now every time we switch it on, we get a warning message. But we don't know what it means because your man didn't even leave us a copy of the manual.

19. Before we begin, I've been asked to tell you that Dr Jones has been delayed. That means he won't make it in time

for his presentation on 'Dealing with Complaints'. Unfortunately, this means we've had to cancel the session and anyone who signed up for it should now choose between the other two sessions which are running this afternoon. Thank you. And now I'll hand you over to Kate.

20. I'm just ringing to tell you about the positive feedback we've had on the presentation you gave the other day. I

really appreciate you stepping in like that at the last moment. I know you were a bit nervous, but I'm very grateful

you agreed to do it. And looking at the feedback forms, it seems the only complaint was about the size of the room. So, well done!

21. I've checked with the Warehouse Manager and it seems there was a mix-up with the transport documents and your

order was somehow sent to Gatwick instead of Heathrow. By the time the driver got back to Heathrow, he'd missed

the next flight out. And then there was an announcement cancelling the last flight due to technical problems. Anyway, your order will be on the first plane tomorrow.

22. Hello, David. This is Tina Woodhouse. I was just calling to say I'm actually busy on the 15th, so I won't be able to

see you in the morning. In fact, I'll be out all that week. So, I was wondering, rather than delaying things any longer, could we bring everything forward to the 14th? If that's OK. for you, perhaps you could call me. My extension's 349.

5 FUNCTION

1) 人员：security guard, receptionist, typist, (dictate), secretary, assistant badge 胸卡

salesperson, shop assistant, consultant, advisor, analyst, researcher too fussy/picky 挑三拣四的

A place an order B make a complaint C change an appointment D give a warning E explain a delay F thank someone G make an arrangement H reject an offer 剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

expert, specialist, operator, cleaner, courier(通信员，联络员) engineer, machinist, technologist, technician

问题：problem, trouble, failure,breakdown,crackdown,out of order engineer 工程师 machinist 机械师

technologist 技术人员 technician 技工 tech-support 技术支持

trainer, trainee session 一次课 participant 参与者 fee 费用 seminar(座谈会)，presentation, discussion, workshop group(分组) airhostess, stewardess(空中小姐)

check in, luggage, case, purse, take off, land, arrive, board,

window seat, aisle seat, briefcase(公文包) suitcase(拉杆箱) 住宿：预约 reserve/book 入住 check in 登记表 registration card room double room/twin room suite 套房 executive room 行政间 facility wake-up call, laundry, courteous bus(礼仪车), airport shuttle, river taxi 部门：headquarters, head office(总部)，subsidiary, branch, office(分公司) 2) 设备 printer(打印机), photocopier(复印机), fax(传真)

answering machine(答录机) , projector(投影仪),scanner(扫描仪) paper shredder(碎纸机), video player, video recorder duplicate 复印 OHP 投影仪 6 TOPIC 文件

bank statement 银行清算单

bank account(银行帐户), current account(活期帐户), deposit account(定期帐户) transfer 转帐 cash 现金 cheque 支票

interest rate 利率 exchange rate 汇率 bank holidy 银行假日 financial statement 财务报表

balance sheet 资产负债表 assets 资产 liabilities 负债 equity 权益 current assets 流动资产 fixed assets 固定资产 invisible assets 无形资产 profit and loss account 损益表 income statement

revenue 收入 cost 成本 expenses 开支 net/gross income 毛/净收入 expenses claim form 报销申请表 reimburse，reimbursement 报销

PART TWO Questions 13-22 Section One

(Questions 13-17)

You will hear five short recordings.

For each recording, decide which type of document the speaker is talking about. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. Do not use any letter more than once.

After you have listened once, replay the recordings.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

13 ……………………………………

14 ……………………………………

15 ……………………………………

16 ……………………………………

17 ……………………………………

答案：EBGFA

Tapescripts

Part Two. Question 13 to 22. Section One. Question 13 to 17. You will hear five short recordings.

A an invoice B a price-list

C a bank statement D a receipt

E a company cheque F a balance sheet G a contract

H an expenses claim form

For each recording, decide which type of document the speaker is talking about. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. Do not use any letter more than once.

After you have listened once, replay the recordings. You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H.

[pause]

Now listen, and decide which type of document each speaker is talking about. [pause] Thirteen

Woman: Well no wonder the bank’s returned it unpaid. Look, the figures don’t match the amount in words. I expect someone was filling it in in too much of a hurry. Let’s see, we’d better issue another one straight away to pay Mrs Burton, because it’ll be another three weeks if we wait for the next cycle of payments. Her expenses on that sales trip were pretty high, and it wouldn’t be fair to keep her waiting much longer.

[pause] Fourteen

Man: Some of the suppliers are already asking about the increases. I’ll check, but I seem to remember from last week’s meeting that in the end we agreed on three per cent. So that I’ll do is go down each column and calculate the new amounts, and then it can be printed in time to be inserted into the new brochures. Can you check the figures for me, though, before it goes to the printers?

[pause] Fifteen

Woman: We’ve just received the paperwork from you about cleaning our premises, and I have to say that it doesn’t reflect what we agreed in our conversation last week. For one thing, it says that we have to supply our security code, and for another it specifies monthly payment in advance, and I told you both of those were out of the question. I’m afraid I really can’t sign this. Could you send me a revised one?

[pause]

Sixteen

Man: Of course, this only gives a very general picture. But as you can see, cash is a particularly healthy area. That’s even

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

when we take into account regular outgoings on loans and leasing equipment, which are included in the final totals. And even more significantly, unpaid order are actually excluded from the final calculation. These represent a sum of approximately thirty thousand pounds. With that in mind, we can say that the company’s overall position is still strong.

[pause] Seventeen

Woman: I’ve just asked the Arden Conference Centre about availability for our next training seminar, and they said they still haven't been paid for the one before last.. I’ve had to ask them to send a duplicate! We really must be careful. Arden give us very favourable prices, but we haven’t got a contract with them – Can you deal with it straight away so we stay in their good books?

[pause]

Now listen to the recording again.

[pause]

第六课时

Part Three

I 分类

对白、独白、谈话

II Interview 1 特点：（1）两人访谈，一问一答 （2）提问--考题 2 应对：（1）重视提问 （2）重视提示词：

a 转折词：but, yet, however, nevertheless b 最高级：the most, the least c 比较：more than, prefer, rather than d 强调词：did do, only, just, simply

e 因果词：so, thus, therefore, as a result, that's why PART THREE Questions 23 -30

• You will hear a job applicant talking to the Personnel Manager of a chain of stores. • Choose the correct phrase to complete each sentence 23 - 30. • Mark one letter A, B or C for the phrase you choose.

23. The job vacancy is for A an Assistant Manager. B a Shop Assistant.

C a Store Manager.

24. Mr Benn got his business qualification at A university. B night school. C a training centre.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

25. Mr Benn disagreed with the Manager about A product promotion. B customer relations. C pricing policy.

26. At Town and Country Stores, he deals with A suppliers. B secretaries. C sales staff.

27. Mr Benn is attracted to the vacancy because it offers better A career prospects.

B wages and bonuses. C working conditions.

28. The American shops are currently run by A American managers in America. B British managers in America. C British managers in Britain. 29. The new job deals with A sales patterns. B suppliers. C customer service.

30. Mr Benn could start the new job in A two weeks. B four weeks. C six weeks. 听力原文：

Part III

F Er, good afternoon, Mr. Benn. Thank you for coming. Do take a seat. M Oh, thank you. F

Right. I've looked through your letter of application and your curriculum vitae. uh…interesting! I see you're nearly twenty-seven. Well, I think I'd better tell you generally about the job we have on offer here. It's an important position. It's an assistant manager ship reporting directly to the managing director. It covers several of the aspects of our business— supervising the purchasing of goods and deliveries, pricing, special offers and so on. Anyway, I see you have some experience with one of our main rivals. Can you tell me something about that?

M Yes, well, er, after I left school, I joined Sparton's Stores as a trainee. I was eighteen then. F Yes?

M Uh, after the initial six months' trial period, they sent me to their retail training centre for a month. Then I went back to the branch in Marx Town. I then went to the night school for 2 years to get a diploma in commerce. F

Uh, yes.

M And I did a short computer studies course at university last summer as well. Anyway I worked in the Marx Town branch for another couple of years. I really enjoyed it there. But then Sparton's moved me to the city centre branch. And it wasn't quite so good, I'm afraid. F mmm, why was that?

M Well, I'm afraid the general manager and I had different opinions. There was a terrific downturn in retail sales six years ago. Shoppers weren't spending much. Anyway I thought we ought to advertise our goods in our store more widely to draw in more customers. I had a few ideas, but we couldn't agree on the policy. It was a shame. I had hoped to move up to the deputy assistant there. But the job was given to someone else.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

F mmm

M so I thought it was time to move on.

F I see. Well, uh, could you tell me what you do in your current job at, uh, ah, yes, Town and Country store, isn't it? M Yes, uh, I've been there for nearly two years now. I help with store displays and promotions. And I've also been in complete charge from time to time when the proprietor's away at trade fairs and so on. But my main job is to do with the shop assistants—there are nearly forty, mostly part-timers. I used to supervise the cleaners and also the typists at one time too, but it became too much. F

So why are you looking for another job, Mr. Benn?

M Well I expect you know it's a family firm. And there's really no chance of getting ahead. The proprietor's son will take over when Mr Richards retires in two years. So I'd like to get back into a big chain with a number of stores where there're more opportunities for training and promotion. So I must say the working conditions at Town and Country are pretty good.

F Right, well, thank you, Mr. Benn. I expect you realise that our company moves its staff to different branches just like Sparton's. Now how would you feel about that?

M Sure. That's all right by me. I was going to ask you something about that if I may?

F Yes, yes, of course.

M Well, I understand from the press that you recently opened three stores in three American cities. Is there any possibility …uh…of being moved to one of those, after a time?

F Well, uh, not really. All shop staff are recruited locally in America though the stores are being managed at present directly from our head office in Britain. The plan is for total independence with locally recruited managers within five years.

M I see. Ah, and another question was to do with this position here again. Does it involve much contact with customers? I really enjoy getting to know what's selling well, how to give the best service and so on.

F Yes, well, not a great deal really. That's generally dealt with by customer services. Ah, Now as I said, it's mostly dealing with our producers, checking that orders are delivered on time, checking product quality, and that sort of thing. Now, the general manager is the one who tries to understand the sales figures. M OK.

F Anyway, if you were offered the job, Mr. Benn, when would you be able to start?

M Well, I'm on four weeks' notice at Town and Country, but the proprietor's away for two weeks, so I wouldn't be able to see him until the beginning of next week. So it will take about six weeks, probably.

F Right. I see. Well, I think we should discuss now the terms and conditions we could offer you here. As you know, we have different salary scales based on … Part Three解体方法：

１、阅读题目说明，推测大意

２、阅读题干，找出关键词，并且浏览选项

表时间的词 专有名词 否定词 极端意味词（最高级，唯一） ３、听题时，注意文字替换

听力技巧：anticipating(预期) + analyzing(分析)

１、背景知识

２、熟悉该语言表述习惯：

经过一个多月的不懈努力，一辆白色的桑塔纳终于进入了警方的视线

方法：

（1）英语环境 （2）阅读时多做精读

（3） 潜心分析逻辑性强的文章，研究段与段之间、句子与句子之间的关系。

（4）研究细小结构 the distribution of wealth 财富的分配

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

PART TWO

(Questions 13-17) （真题集TEST 1-PART2） ● You will hear five short recordings.

● For each recording, decide which type of document the speaker is talking about. ● Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. ● Do not use any letter more than once.

● After you have listened once, replay the recordings.

13 ……………………………………

14 ……………………………………

15 ……………………………………

16 ……………………………………

17 ……………………………………

讲解：

15． For one thing…and for another…both of these…

A an invoice B a price-list

C a bank statement D a receipt

E a company cheque F a balance sheet G a contract

H an expenses claim form

16. …But… particularly healthy…that’s even when…and even more significantly…these…

答案：15 G 16 F

听力原文：

Fifteen

Woman: We’ve just received the paperwork from you about cleaning our premises, and I have to say that it doesn’t reflect what we agreed in our conversation last week. For one thing, it says that we have to supply our security code, and for another it specifies monthly payment in advance, and I told you both of those were out of the question. I’m afraid I really can’t sign this. Could you send me a revised one?

Sixteen

Man: Of course, this only gives a very general picture. But as you can see, cash is a particularly healthy area. That’s even when we take into account regular outgoings on loans and leasing equipment, which are included in the final totals. And even more significantly, unpaid order are actually excluded from the final calculation. These represent a sum of approximately thirty thousand pounds. With that in mind, we can say that the company’s overall position is still strong.

PART THREE

I Interview

Questions 23-30（课堂讲义TEST 2- PART3）

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

• You will hear a radio interview with Kate Orebi, a recruitment manager at Carters (a national chain of department stores), and Chair of the Association of Graduate Recruiters (AGR). • Choose the correct phrase to complete sentences 23-30. • Mark one letter A, B or C for the phrase you choose. • You will hear the interview twice.

23. In her job as recruitment manager at Carters, Kate Orebi

A trains executives in recruitment procedures. B interviews secretarial staff for each store. C decides on the company’s recruitment policy. 24. The AGR represents

A major graduate employers. B recruitment executives.

C small and medium-sized companies. 25. The AGR’s activities involve

A encouraging good recruitment practice.

B organizing the training of new graduate recruiters. C analyzing recruitment statistics to predict trends. 26. Ms Orebi thinks that the present Higher Education system

A should accept more students than it does.

B provides people with important skills for employment. C offers language courses which are too short to help students. 27. Ms Orebi thinks that in the future, colleges should provide more

A practical work experience. B group learning situations. C formal examinations.

28. The main thing that employers look for in graduates is

A the ability to use computers. B good academic qualifications. C the ability to work with others. 29. At Carters, the graduate selection process

A allows applicants to demonstrate their skills to the company. B is based on success at three individual interviews. C lasts as long as the recruiter thinks it should. 30. The company is keen to develop graduates who have

A initiative. B average ability. C leadership skills.

讲解：

23．I’m responsible for all aspects of staff recruitment, including…..

I make sure that everyone…

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

I’m also involved in…

24. at the moment AGR consists of…but…so I expect… 25. activities:

We have info services…

We also supply…

For the future, we’re hoping to… So, in general, …

26. They’re far less elitist now…

They’ve opened their doors to … And there are different… courses…now…

27. … So it seems to me that more team work… when…studying

28. …good exam results…but this isn’t…Certainly…employers want… 29. …Anyway…

30. …we can teach…such as…

And we also …

But ….we actually…not just…

答案：23－30 CAAB BCAB

听力原文： M: F:

Now, Mrs. Orebi, can you tell us something about your job as a recruitment manager at Carters?

Yes. I' m responsible for all aspects of staff recruitment, including policy making, that's for all staff from secretarial to executive level. I make sure that everyone's following the right procedures. I' m also involved in the interviewing and selection of management staff. That' s for all the stores.

M: F: M: F:

You have another role in recruitment, don' t you? With the Association of Graduate Recruiters? Yes, I chair the executive committee.

Can you tell us a bit more about the Association?

Yes, at the moment, the AGR consists of a group of major employers of graduates, but more and more graduates are being recruited by small and medium-sized companies, so I expect the membership of the Association will change along with that. We have quite a range of activities, we have information service through which we give advice to any graduate employer and, uh, we also supply statistics to the education sector. For the future, we' re hoping to develop as a training body, particularly working with, uh, new graduate recruiters. So, in general, you could say that we exist to spread good practice.

M: F:

There've been quite a few changes in Higher Education over the last few years, of course. As a graduate recruiter, these must have been quite important to you.

Yes. Universities and colleges have certainly changed. They're far less elitist now than they used to be. And, yes, they've opened their doors to a much wider range of people. And there are different types of courses now. There are short, modular courses in languages and business skills and of course these are all helpful when it comes to

M: F:

looking for a job.

Do you think that further changes are needed in the future?

Yes, I do. I think that colleges need to listen to what employers are saying about the need for people to learn to work in groups. In this situation, people get used to cooperating and sharing information. Of course, at the moment, we've got examination systems that doesn't allow for collaboration. So it seems to me that more team work is required when it comes to studying.

M: F:

What kind of skills would you say employers are looking for? I mean, are graduates ready for work?

Well, as always, some are, and some aren't. You see, the colleges have to achieve good exam results, but this

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

isn't always what employers are looking for. Certainly in the service sector, employers want people who can interact with customers and who can work as part of a team. The ability of using computers and all the other new technology isn't such an issue anymore. I suppose employers feel they can take it for granted now and it's very easy to train people up.

M: F:

And how does a company decide whether a graduate has the skills he's looking for? For example, what is the selection procedure at Carters?

Well, the first stage consists of individual interviews. These are followed by group exercises. There are three exercises and they last about 24 hours. I suppose ideally they should be longer. But there are some practical constraints. Anyway the process itself gives people the opportunity to display certain skills, like the ability to work in a team or the ability to plan and organize.

M: F:

Do these skills develop after selection?

We can teach graduate employees certain things, such as leadership techniques, and we also encourage certain things with rewards, initiative for example. But the basis of our approach is career development for all graduates, not just the real high fliers. We actually think the companies benefit more from improving the performance of the typical graduates, not just a selected few.

M: Kate Orebi, Thanks for joining us.

第七课时

II Monologue

Talk, Report, Lecture… 1 特点：（1）一人独白：目的：说明/说服

（2）要点--考题

2 应对：（1）主动地听

（2）把握说话人的结构：

firstly, secondly, finally One, one of, start, begin

Next, then, besides, and, also, another, in addition, what’s more （3）抓住说话人的要点：

a 先扬后抑：but, yet, however…

b 直白：最……：the most, the least…

大多数：most, almost, the majority of, main, chief, … 强调：only, unique, sole, just, simply…

不同：different, differ, special, especially, particularly…

重要：important, crucial, essential, vital, what really matters, what is… c 推导： so, thus, therefore, as a result, consequently, accordingly

cause, lead to, bring about, come along, follow come from, stand behind, stem from

d 比较：not…as, more than, compare with, rather than

instead of, on the other hand

第八课时

Questions 23-30（真题集TEST 1-PART 3）

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

● You will hear the chairman of a business institute making a speech about new business awards that that his institute

has sponsored. ● For each question(23-30), mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer. ● After you have listened once, replay the recording.

23 The aim of the ‘Business Today’ competition was to reward A good produce design. B skilful project management. C rapid financial success.

24 How many companies were chosen to compete in the final of the competition? A four B fourteen C forty

25 The types of products which the finalists were developing A caused considerable problems for the judges. B were all connected with the food industry.

C involved a common set of development aspects.

26 According to the speaker, what are small firms good at?

A fitting new products in with current production

B recording methods used in developing new products C developing new management structures for products

27 The speaker believes big companies document innovation well because of A the number of staff available

B the involvement of senior management. C the insistence on regular procedures.

28 The panel was impressed by Natura because they had A invested considerable time investing a new product. B researched new ways of manufacturing their product. C investigated new overseas markets for their product..

29 The judges praised the links between development teams in smaller companies and A senior management. B suppliers. C the market.

30 The companies sometimes had problems because the suppliers A could not understand the specifications. B could not meet the deadlines.

C could not rely on their subcontractors.

答案：23－30 BBCA CBAC

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

听力原文：

Man: Who are the managers of the best innovation developments in British industry? That was the question which the first Business Today Innovation Awards set out to answer.

This project is all about rewarding good practice and performance. So, rather than simply recognizing excellence in the design of specific products, or analysing their financial impact on profits, the awards set out to take an objective look at exactly how companies mange the development process itself.

Over three hundred and fifty organizations entered the competition and were initially reduced to about forty. Then, after further careful checking, a short list of just fourteen of them was arrived at. These finalists, all manufacturers, were then visited by the competition judges, a panel of four chief executives from leading companies. The panel toured the finalists’ facilities, received presentations on the companies and their projects, and interviewed the key development team members. The products varied enormously in their scale, function and degree of technology – from bread for a supermarket chain to a printer inside an automatic dispense. Initially the organisers were concerned that this range could create difficulties in the assessment process. But this fear proved baseless, as most elements in the innovation process are shared by all manufacturers.

Interestingly, the finalists broke down into two distinct and equal groups: large firms with one thousand employees or more and small firms with two hundred and fifty employees or fewer. With both groups the judges decided to concentrate on two of the clearest indicators of a successful innovation process, which are: how well the new product is combined with the company’s existing business, and secondly, how well the innovation methods are recorded and understood. Small firms naturally tend to do well in the first category since they have fewer layers of management and thus much shorter communication lines. But they seem to put less emphasis on creating formal development methods which would be repeatable in future innovation.

Large firms, on the other hand, have difficulty interesting the new development within their existing business for reasons of scale. But they tend to succeed in achieving well – documented and repeatable development methods. This is because larger companies, with their clear emphasis on training, fixed management structure and administrative systems, require more formal, daily record-keeping from their staff.

So what were the key questions the judges had in mind when assessing the finalists? One of the most important areas concerned how thoroughly a company checks what is happening in other fields in order to incorporate new ideas into the development process. Many of the finalists impressed in the areas. Natura, for example, had demonstrated genuine energy in searching for new ways of producing their range of speciality breads. They had looked at styles of home cooking in different countries, as well as the possibility of exploiting new production technologies in order to achieve equally good results but on a high-volume production line.

What then occupied much of the judges’ thoughts was the quality of the links which the development team established with senior management, suppliers, the market and manufacturing. The best examples of the first category were found in small firms, where the individual entrepreneur at the top was clearly driving the innovation forward.

Links with suppliers were also seen as an important factor, but not all supplier experiences were positive. Occasionally serious problems had to be solved where suppliers were working hard to meet specification, but the companies that the suppliers were using to adapt their machinery were not so efficient. This led to disappointing faults or fluctuations in quality.

But in conclusion the awards demonstrate that innovation isn’t just for high-tech internet companies, You can also be successful in mature markets with determination and skill.

知识点总结： 如何扩大背景知识： 阅读商务报刊

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

背景知识考察点： 1）人

新人的选择，executive 执行官的选择；员工的管理：激励问题、人员培训 2）公司的问题

公司的类型 管理； 运作 3）公司的运作

成本、产品的研发 市场和营销 安全生产 4）报告，报表

Questions 23-30（真题集TEST3- PART 3）

● You will hear the Purchasing Manager of a manufacturing company giving a presentation to senior management

about four possible new suppliers.

● For each question (23-30), mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer. ● After you have listened once, replay the recording.

23 The advantage of the first company is A the size of the factory. B the company of the MD. C the production capacity.

24 The speaker is concerned that the first company lacks A sufficient firm orders. B fully trained staff.

C reliable distributors.

25 The speaker was initially impressing by the second company because of A its relationship with employees at the mines. B its access to the raw materials needed.

C the methods it designed for checking safety in the mines. 26 The second company has problems because A air transport has limited capacity. B the road networks are underdeveloped. C the seaport is too far away.

27 The third factory visited by the speaker A is owned by a worker’ co-operative. B was established by a haulage company. C has financial support from the government. 28 The components manufactured by the third factory A do not reach the required standard. B are not accompanied by a guarantee. C do not match product specifications. 29 The final company visited by the speaker A has rapidly gained a world-wide reputation. B has recently increased its production area. C has received a loan to improve technology.

30 The speaker recommends the final company because A it has agreed to reduce its prices for large orders. B it can produce goods within the required timescale.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

C its products passed the inspection test she carried out.

答案：23 C 24 A 25 B 26 B 27 C 28 A 29 C 30 B

听力原文：

Woman: As you know, the main supplier of our components announced suddenly last month that they were closing down shortly, leaving us in a very difficult situation. I shortlisted four potential replacement suppliers, and have visited them all. I’ll report on each, though I’ve only found one company that meets our needs entirely.

Initially, I was optimistic about the first company I saw. I was given an enthusiastic welcome and generous hospitality by the MD, but when he took me on a tour of the factory, I began to have a few doubts about his commercial expertise. The factory is enormous a converted aircraft shed, I think, almost too big to be practical. There is certainly enough machinery to produce the quantities we need, and that, of course, is vital.

However, I had one main concern. The company has recently invested heavily in state – of – the - art production equipment and in a comprehensive training programme for machine operators. But I was surprised to see that half the factory wasn’t in use because several important customers had cancelled orders. I was reassured that orders are dispatched quickly, and delivery times are impressive, and distribution isn’t a problem – but I’d need to inspect their products more closely to see if the quality’s what we require.

The second company looked promising too, because they are based in the region that produces the natural resources to make our components. Everything needed for their activities is available on their doorstep. They have a good working relationship with the local mine owners, who are known to have good safety records. During my visit, the company went into great detail about the quality inspections carried out on the material before it leaves the mines.

This company seemed to have no problems with transport – until I looked more closely. The factory is in a very mountainous region, about six hundred kilometers from the capital city. Passenger flights are fairly frequent, taking under two hours, but the journey by road can take days. The roads are really inadequate – the whole infrastructure needs massive investment. There is a seaport just over the border with the neighbouring country, which would certainly cut down on distance, but, as far as I can see, it might also bring other problem. We simple can’t risk depending on such fragile communications.

The third company I looked at, on the other hand, is on the coast, with good access to the main seaport. Transport and shipping of goods are well organized and, in fact, they own a haulage company as one of their subsidiaries. The production unit is new – built and equipped with the help of investment from the Ministry of Industry. What’s more, company workers are involved in decision-making, and industrial relations are excellent. Perfect so far.

Unfortunately, though, their finished products are not of the quality we demand. The specifications are right for our components, so no modifications in design would be necessary. But when I did a quick inspection, I found a higher percentage of faults than we’d be prepared to tolerate. If we chose them, we’d certainly have to negotiate longer warranties than those they’re offering at present.

The final company I visited seemed to have everything, though. It’s ten years old, well established, located between the capital and a major seaport. The company has grown rapidly and has just modernized its factory, thanks to a loan from the World Bank, which has enabled it to install the most up-to-date equipment available on the market. The production unit is now fully automated, and efficiency is the company’s great strength.

This company has a well-deserved reputation for the quality of his finished goods. Given their high standard, it’s not surprising that the costs are considerable, and they’re asking higher prices than the other companies I visited. But I’m confident we’ll be able to negotiate on this. The key point in their favour, in my opinion, is their ability to meet deadlines of a long-term contract. It’s easy to meet one deadline, of course – the difficult thing is to do it all the time. To sum up, then…

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

第九课时

III Conversation/Discussion

1 特点：（1）同一问题，多种看法

（2）考题：细节+大意+意见

B

A COST

C

2 应对：（1）分清人物关系、立场、身份 （2）层次提示词 （3）要点提示词

练习1：Questions 23 – 30 （课堂讲义TEST5- PART 3）

• You will hear a discussion about in-company courses (courses given inside a company) and outside courses (courses given outside a company).

• Choose the correct ending for each of the sentences ( 23 – 30 ). • Mark one letter ( A, B or C ) for the ending you choose. • You will hear the recording twice.

23. The speakers have met to discuss the usefulness of A certain members of staff. B training courses.

C recent developments

24. The woman refers to the Management Training Board in A Japan. B Singapore.

C London.

25. A company can recover the cost of sending staff on a course if A an individual's performance improves as a result. B it dismisses staff who are not efficient.

C it asks a participant's relatives to help to pay. 26. The greatest cost of any course results from A the high fees for attending the course. B travelling and accommodation expenses.

C the absence from work of staff attending the course. 27. The woman thinks the best length for a course is between A four and ten weeks. B a fortnight and ten weeks.

C two weeks and one month.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

28. One of the speakers favours in-company courses chiefly because such courses can be

A attended by all the staff.

B designed to meet the company's special needs. C arranged for early in the morning.

29. The woman says that an advantage of staff attending courses abroad is the chance to

A meet people from other companies and countries. B take part hi workshops about other companies. C listen to international experts and consultants. 30. It is important for participants on courses to A write detailed reports. B judge their own performance.

C keep in contact with people they have met there.

答案：23 B 24 C 25 A 26 C 27 A 28 B 29 A 30 A

听力原文：

Ml: Good morning. I've asked you both to my office to hear your views on useful framing courses which might benefit

certain members of our staff. First, what do you think about the general idea of training courses that we might send

personnel on? How useful would such courses be. And should we look at courses outside the company or should we seek to bring in specialists to give such courses on the premises? I just want your general views at this early stage.

M2: I think training courses would be very useful indeed to improve our performance and keep abreast with recent

developments of all kinds. F1: There are a lot of extremely good courses given in many countries in East Asia, especially in Japan and also in

Singapore. There's also a particularly good course that's very relevant to our needs given by the Management

Training Board in London.

M2: The trouble is that it costs a lot to send our people abroad on training programmes.

F1: Training and development are always expensive, but they usually pay for themselves in the end -I mean in the improved performance of the people who attend. It's the company that benefits - even more than the individual. M2: That's true, but my point is that it would be cheaper to bring in a couple of specialists and have the training Fl:

sessions here within the company.

Clearly, we've got to consider in-company training courses - but we shouldn't dismiss outside courses as being necessarily much more expensive. Even the best courses abroad are only slightly more expensive relatively speaking. The most expensive part of any training course is not the course fee, high as this often is! Neither is it the cost of travel and accommodation. It is simply the length of time staff are absent from their jobs. They still have to draw their salaries. Also, special arrangements have to be made to do their work while they're away. But even in this respect we can save something by good planning beforehand. I mean planning efficient ways of substituting staff and reorganising the work of people who're going to be absent. Ml: How long are the courses you're thinking of?

Fl: The longest course I envisage would be about ten weeks. Some courses might last no longer than one month. One

month to ten weeks seems to be about the best time to justify the expense involved in travelling and accommodation costs.

M2: The advantage of in-company courses is that they can be shorter or longer than the time you've just mentioned. But their

chief advantage is that the course can be specially tailored to meet the precise needs of the staff attending—that is, the company's own special requirements.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

Also all courses can be given at times which cause least inconvenience to the company - perhaps during the mornings for one group of personnel and during the afternoons for another.

F1: But isn't another advantage of courses provided by the opportunity to meet other people attending the course?

During discussion sessions and workshop groups, participants can meet people from other companies and even from other countries. In this way they can get an insight into other methods of working and of dealing with problems -something they can't get on in-company training courses.

Ml: Well, thank you both for your views. This session has been very helpful. Whatever decision we make here- outside

courses or in-company courses I feel it's very important for all those attending to be reminded that such courses are a considerable expense for the company. And consequently, it's only reasonable to expect all those attending a course to write full reports. Also I'd want them to complete a course evaluation form which we must arrange to draw up.

练习2：Questions 23 - 30（课堂讲义TEST 8- PART 3）

• You will hear a discussion. A company production director is discussing with senior executives a proposed structure for

the production engineering department of a large company. • Choose the correct ending for each of the sentences (23 - 30). • Mark one letter (A, B or C) for the ending you choose. • You will hear the recording twice.

23. The proposals being made affect

A every department in the company B the production engineering department. C several other successful companies.

24. The production engineering department has a total workforce of

A 100. B 600 C 800.

25. At present the engineering services and expertise is

A concentrated at headquarters.

B spread unevenly throughout 12 factories.

C both at headquarters and in the company's 12 factories.

26. Someone else agrees that the production engineering department is

A losing touch with its factories. B too powerful.

C in need of more specialist knowledge. 27. The proposal is for the factories to become

A more independent and less closely integrated. B more closely integrated and less independent. C more independent but closely integrated.

28. The person who is making the proposal about the production engineering department is

A the company production director. B one of the factory managers.

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

C a production engineering manager.

29. Under the proposed organisational structure, the factory managers will have

A the same responsibility as previously. B less responsibility. C more responsibility.

30. Production engineers from headquarters can give instructions to the production engineering manager in a factory

only with permission from A the general manager there. B the engineering manager there.

C the chief production engineer at headquarters.

答案：23 B 24 B 25 A 26 A 27 C 28 A 29 C 30 A

听力原文： Ml:

I'd like to discuss with you a proposed structure for the production engineering department in our company - not our entire company but only one department - our production engineers. These proposals are based on the type of organisational structure in several successful companies both at home and abroad. Nevertheless, I'm aware that some

of these proposals are controversial and may come as a shock to some of you.

As you know, there are now 600 workers in our production engineering department. This workforce ranges from skilled machinists to production technologists. Their services are highly centralised in our production engineering department at our headquarters. I appreciate that this results in a slightly smaller workforce as well as greater ordination and a concentration of specialist know-how. But we're now finding that this very concentration of expertise here at headquarters encourages us to overlook some of the problems which many of our colleagues have in our twelve factories throughout the region. In a sense, the production engineering department is not aware of all that is happening in the factories and can't understand some of the day-to-day problems.

M2: If you mean that we are getting out of touch with our factories, I think I agree. We don't appreciate many of their difficulties. Shouldn't our factories have more power to make decisions for themselves?

Ml: Well, both yes and no. The whole issue is very complex.

Fl: But after all, if our factories have more power to act as they like with regard to production engineering, we run

the risk of them losing sight of the company's overall objectives. Ml: That's true. And so what I'd like to aim for is making our factories more independent from the view of

production engineering while, at the same time, encouraging a greater degree of integration in the company.

F2: What about your position as the company production director? Surely, this is an, essential position, and it's

essential for the company production director to have direct control of the factories. Ml:

Yes, and, as the company production director, I'll continue to have direct responsibility for each factory as well

as for our headquarters.

M2: What about the managers of the factories?

Ml: They'll now have much more responsibility for their own factories. F2: Will they be able to make decisions regarding production engineering?

Ml: Yes, they will. But under each factory manager there'll be a production engineering manager, responsible to the

factory manager. He'll be working at the factory itself - and not at our headquarters. He'll also have authority in his own field.

M2: What about all the production engineers at headquarters? Will they no longer be required here? ,

剑桥商务英语BEC中级听力讲义

Fl: A few will, but others will be transferred to our various factories to work there. Our chief production engineer

here at headquarters will be responsible for co-ordinating policy. And he'll be assisted by a small team of

production engineers. This team will be given direct access to each factory but it won't be in a position to give instructions to the production engineering manager there unless the general manager of the factory has first given permission.