Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation
and methods in learning. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
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Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Motivation and Methods in Learning
When it comes to learning, there is a famous Chinese saying which goes Learning without thinking leads
to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger. Evidently, it is meant to tell us that learning
methods are as important as hard work. I totally agree with it. Besides, I insist that in addition to diligence
and methods, motivation in learning should also be paid attention to.
As for me, motivation is an indispensable part of learning, because without motivation, you won't start to
learn at all. Even if you have started studying, without motivation that drives you to keep going, you
may easily give up when faced with difficulties.
With motivation, we also need the right way to learn. In the learning process, hard work is
not enough. If
we don't attach importance to learning methods, we may fall into the dilemma of studying mechanically.
Instead, with effective learning methods, there will be twice the result with half the effort.
In brief, motivation and methods are critical to successful learning. Therefore, only when we are
clearly aware of this, can we achieve good learning results by making efforts.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 说明：由于 2019年 6 月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2 套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在
本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word forDirections:
each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through
carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not
use any of the words in the bank more than once.
可靠性 , but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steelSteel （钢铁） is valued for its reliability
（脆的） unless they℃ at temperatures below about -25_A_26_ abruptly 突然
地、硬生生的 _ become brittle
对抗、are mixed with other metals. Now, though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists
抵抗 _J_27_ fractures破碎、碎裂 _ at much lower temperatures, while retaining保留、留住 its strength and
韧性、韧度 —without the need for expensive _B_28_添加剂） _. additives(toughness
Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After
German U-boats torpedoed （用鱼雷攻击） numerous British ships, a 2,700-strong fleet of cheap-and-cheerful Liberty ships was introduced to replace the lost vessels,
providing a lifeline for the
_E_29_ besieged （被包围） _ British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships _I_30_ cracked （破裂） _ in the icy
north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank.
Brittleness（脆弱、脆性）remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil
strived （努力、奋斗） _ to find a solution by mixing it withrigs in the Arctic. So scientists have _N_31_
（金属、五金）such as nickel （镍） . expensive metals
（物理的、物质的、符合自然法则的）Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical
（机（方法） _. Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical_C_32_ approach 械、力学）process involving repeated heating（加热、采暖） and very severe （严重、严厉、严格） mechanical
, known as tempforming.deformation （变形）
（韧性） that is（强度） and toughness The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength
（想当、可比） _ to that of modem steels that are very rich in alloy（合金） content_G_33_ comparable
（内容、含量、目录） and, therefore, very expensive.
（打算） to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high（超高） strength parts, suchKimura's team intends （组建、部件）_ neededas bolts （螺栓、铆钉）. They hope to reduce both the number of _H_34_ components —by （按??计算）（实心的、实体的）replacing solidsupports within a construction job and their weight
_K_35_ hollow （空心的） _ tubes （管）, for example. This could reduce the amount of steel needed to make
（发动机） to buildings and bridges（桥梁） . everything from automobiles
A）abruptly
B）additives C）approach
D ）ardently E）besieged
F）channel G）comparable
H ）components cracked ）I fractures）J
K）hollow L）relevant M）reshuffled
N ）strived O）violent
Section B
Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the
information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a
letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The future of personal satellite（卫星）technology is here—are we ready for it?
Satellites used to be the exclusive playthings of rich governments and wealthy corporations.
But
）Aincreasingly, as space becomes more democratized, they are coming within reach of ordinary people.
before them, miniature satellites are beginning to fundamentally transform our Just like drones （无人机）conceptions of who gets to do what up above our heads.
As a recent report from the National Academy of Sciences highlights, these satellites hold tremendous B）potential for making satellite-based science more accessible than ever before. However, as the cost of
getting your own satellite in orbit drops sharply, the risks of irresponsible use grow. The question here is
no longer Can we? but Should we? What are the potential downsides of having a slice of space
densely populated by equipment built by people not traditionally labeled as professionals ? And what
would the responsible and beneficial development and use of this technology actually look like? Some of
the answers may come from a nonprofit organization that has been building and launching amateur
satellites for nearly 50 years.
Having your personal satellite launched into orbit might sound like an idea straight out of science C）fiction. But over the past few decades a unique class of satellites has been created that fits the bill:
CubeSats. The Cube here simply refers to the satellite's shape. The most common CubeSat is a 10cm
cube, so small that a single CubeSat could easily be mistaken for a paperweight on your desk. These
mini-satellites can fit in a launch vehicle's formerly wasted space. Multiples can be deployed in
combination for more complex missions than could be achieved by one CubeSat alone.
Within their compact bodies these minute satellites are able to house sensors and
communications
D ）receivers/transmitters that enable operators to study Earth from space, as well as space around Earth.
They're primarily designed for Low Earth Orbitan easily accessible region of space from aroundLEO（ ）—
200 to 800 miles above Earth, where human-tended missions like the Hubble Space Telescope and the
International Space Stationhang out. But they can attain more distant orbits; NASA plans
for （ISS ）
to the moon and Mars especially（most of its future Earth-escaping payloadsto carry
CubeSats.）
Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a CubSat into Earth's orbit than a E）traditional communications or GPS satellite. For instance,a research group here at Arizona State
University recently claimed their developmental small CubeSats could cost as little as
$3,000 to put
in orbit. This decrease in cost allows researchers, hobbyists and even elementary school groups to
put simple instruments into LEO or even having them deployed from the ISS.
The first CubeSat was created in the early 2000s,as a way of enabling Stanford graduate students toF）
.Since design, build, test and operate a spacecraft with similar capabilities to the USSR's Sputnik （前苏联的人造卫星）then, NASA, the National Reconnaissance Office and even Boeing have all launched and
operated CubeSats. There are more than 130 currently in operation. The NASA Educational Launch of
Nano Satellite program, which offers free launches for educational groups and science missions, is now
open to U. S. nonprofit corporations as well. Clearly, satellites are not just for rocket scientists anymore.
The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes CubeSats' importance in
scientific discovery ）Gand the training of future space scientists and engineers. Yet it also acknowledges that widespread
deployment of LEO CubeSats isn't risk-free. The greatest concern the authors raise is space
pieces of junk that orbit the earth, with the potential to cause serious damage if they collide debris —with operational units, including the ISS.
Currently, there aren't many CubeSats and they're tracked closely. Yet as LEO opens up to H ）more amateur satellites, they may pose an increasing threat. As the report authors point out, even
near-misses might lead to the creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the
畦畴敲搠獩潰楳楴湯漠?捳敩据?畃敢慓獴尮
I ）CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible
consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space. In an era
when you can simply buy a CubeSat kit off the shelf, how can we trust the satellites over our heads
were developed with good intentions by people who knew what they were doing? Some expert
amateurs in the satellite game could provide some inspiration for how to proceed responsibly.
J）In 1969.the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation（AMSAT ） was created in order to
foster ham radio
participation in space research and communication. It continued the enthusiasts'（业余无线电爱好者）
a U. S. -based group that built and launched the very firstefforts, begun in 1961, by Project OSCAR—
nongovernmental satellite just four years after Sputnik. As an organization of volunteers, AMSAT was
putting amateur satellites in orbit decades before the current CubeSat craze. And over time, its
members have learned a thing or two about responsibility. Here, open-source development has been a
makingcentral principle. Within the organization, AMSAT has a philosophy of open sourcing everything—
technical data on all aspects of their satellites fully available to everyone in the organization, and when
possible, the public. According to a member of the team responsible for FOX 1-A, AMSAT's first CubeSat,
this means that there's no way to sneak something like explosives or an energy emitter into an amateur
satellite when everyone has access to the designs and implementation.
However, they're more cautious about sharing information with nonmembers, as the organization K）guards against others developing the ability to hijack and take control of their satellites. This form of
self-governance is possible within long-standing amateur organizations that, over time, are able to
build a sense of responsibility to community members,as well as society in general. But what
happens when new players emerge, who don't have deep roots within the existing culture? Hobbyists and students are gaining access to technologies without being part of a long-standing）L amateur establishment. They're still constrained by fimders, launch providers and a series of all of which rein in what CubeSat
developers can and cannot do. But there's a danger they'reregulations — ill-equipped to think through potential unintended consequences. What these unintended consequences
technologies in unexpected directions. Think of something as seemingly benign as the cellphonewe—
have microfinance and text-based social networking at one end of the spectrum, and improvised（临时
explosive devices at the other.制作的）
This is where a culture of social responsibility around CubeSats becomes important-not simply toM）
ensure that physical risks are minimized, but to engage with a much larger community in anticipating and
managing less obvious consequences of the technology. This is not an easy task. Yet the evidence from
AMSAT and other areas of technology development suggests that responsible amateur communities can
and do emerge around novel technologies. The challenge here, of course, is ensuring that what an
amateur community considers to be responsible, actually is. Here's where there needs to be a much
wider public conversation that extends beyond government agencies and scientific communities to
include students, hobbyistsand anyone who may potentially stand to be affected by the use
of CubeSat ，
technology.
Given the easier accessibility to space, it is time to think about how to prevent misuse of satellites.I 36.
A group of mini-satellites can work together to accomplish more complex tasks.C 37.
The greater accessibility of mini-satellites increases the risks of their irresponsible use.B 38.
Even school pupils can have their CubeSats put in orbit owing to the lowered launching cost.E 39.
is careful about sharing information with outsiders to prevent hijacking of their satellites.K 40.
NASA offers to launch CubeSats free of charge for educational and research purposes.F 41.
Even with constraints, it is possible for some creative developers to take the CubeSat technology 42.
in directions that result in harmful outcomes.L
While making significant contributions to space science, CubeSats may pose hazards to other space 43.
vehicles.G
Mini-satellites enable operators to study Earth from LEO and space around it.D 44.
AMSAT operates on the principle of having all its technical data accessible to its members, 45.
preventing the abuse of amateur satellites.J Section C
There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orDirections:
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should
decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre. Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of solitary self-employment,
there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work friends once again. It
wasn't until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being friends with colleagues
didn't emerge as a priority at all. This is surprising when you consider the prevailing emphasis by scholars
and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close interpersonal relationships at work. So
ties can help overcome a range of workplace （同事的）much research has explored the way in which collegial
issues affecting productivity and the quality of work output such as team-based conflict,
jealousy, undermining, anger, and more.
Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful
conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. Whereas now, as
I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling without
needing to be best mates with the people sitting next to you.
In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management, researchers
the fact that
（概括）have looked at the concept of indifferent relationships. It's a simple term that encapsulates
relationships at work can reasonably be non-intimate, inconsequential, unimportant and even,
dare I say it, disposable or substitutable.
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far
indicates they're especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation, and
harmony over confrontation. Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially lazy.
Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort .
As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in
resolving some of
the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several empirically proven benefits. One of
those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and.（产出）
The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we're primed to compare ourselves to each other in what is
an anxiety-inducing phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than Mends.
Since the former is most common among those inclined towards indifferent relationships, their
predominance can bolster individuals' sense of self-worth.
Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found
to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one's focus on task resolution, and to gain greater access to
valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey,
I'll take it anyway.
) world?46. What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate(企业
Making new Mends with his workmates was not as easy as he had anticipated.A） Cultivating positive interpersonal relationships helped him expel solitary feelings.B）
Working in the corporate world requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment.）C
was not as important as he had ejected同事 D ） Building close relationships with his colleagues( .（驱逐）
（大学的、社团的）47. What do we learn from many studies about collegialrelationships?
relationships have an adverse）A Inharmonious（不和谐、不和睦） effect on productivity（不利的、相反的） .（生产力、生产率、生产能力）
Harmonious relationships are what many companies aim to cultivate.B）
Close collegial relationships contribute very little to product quality.C）
Conflicting relationships in the workplace exist almost everywhere.）D
What can be inferred about relationships at work from an academic analysis? 48.
They should be cultivated.
）A
What does the author say about people who are socially lazy? 49.
They feel uncomfortable when engaging in social interactions.
）A
They often find themselves in confrontation with their colleagues.B）
relationships. They are unwilling to make efforts to maintain workplace（工作场所））C
They lack basic communication skills in dealing with interpersonal issues.）D
（冷漠的、中立的）60. What is one of the benefits of indifferentrelationships?
They provide fun at work.A）
They help control emotions.B）
They help resolve differences.）C
They improve work efficiency）D .（效率、效益）
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
In a few decades, artificial intelligence (AI) will surpass many of the abilities that we believe make us
special. This is a grand challenge for our age and it may require an irrational response. One of the most significant pieces of news from the US in early 2017 was the efforts of Google to make
autonomous driving a reality. According to a report, Google's self-driving cars clocked 1,023,330 km, and
required human intervention 124 times. That is one intervention about every 8,047 km of autonomous
driving. But even more impressive is the progress in just a single year: human interventions fell from 0.8
times per thousand miles to 0.2, a 400% improvement. With such progress, Google's cars will easily
surpass my own driving ability later this year.
Driving once seemed to be a very human skill. But we said that about chess, too. Then a computer beat
the human world champion, repeatedly. The board game Go（围棋） took over from
chess as a new test
for human thinking in 2016, when a computer beat one of the world's leading professional Go players.
With computers conquering what used to be deeply human tasks, what will it mean in the future to be
human? I worry about my six-year-old son. What will his place bе in a world where machines beat us in
one area after another? He'll never calculate faster, never drive better, or even fly more safely. Actually,
What's so special about us? It can't be skills like arithmetic,it all comes down to a fairly simple question：
which machines already excel in. So far, machines have a pretty hard time emulating creativity, arbitrary
enough not to be predicted by a computer, and yet more than simple randomness.
Perhaps, if we continue to improve information-processing machines, well soon have helpful rational
assistants. So we must aim to complement the rationality of the machine, rather than to compete with it.
If I'm right, we should foster a creative spirit because a dose of illogical creativity will complement the
rationality of the machine. Unfortunately, however, our education system has not caught up to the
approaching reality. Indeed, our schools and universities are structured to mould pupils to be mostly
obedient servants of rationality, and to develop outdated skills in interacting with outdated machines. We
need to help our children learn how to best work with smart computers to improve human decision-making. But most of all we need to keep the long-term perspective in mind: that even if computers will
outsmart us, we can still be the most creative. Because if we aren't, we won't be providing
and that may put in question the foundation for our existence.，much value in future ecosystems
What is the author's greatest concern about the use of AI? 51.
Computers are performing lots of creative tasks.
A）
52. What impresses the author most in the field of AI?
What do we learn from the passage about creativity? 53. It is rational.
A） It is predictable.B） It is human specific.C） by AI.to be emulated（还、仍然）（模仿、努力赶上、竞争） It is yetD ） 54. What should
schools help children do in the era of AI? thinking.A）（培养、种植、耕作）（创新的、原始的） Cultivateoriginal Learn to work independently.）B Compete with smart machines.）C Understand how AI works.D ） （说得过去、辩护、证明）55. How can we humans justify?our future existence（存在、生存） By constantly outsmarting computers.A）
By adopting a long-term perspective.）B C）By rationally compromising with AI. ）D .By providing value with our creativity 创造性、创造力
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.
You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
成语（ Chinese idioms）是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。它
们高度简练且形式固定，但通常
能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知
道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。因此，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和
文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。
Chinese idioms are aunique way of expression in Chinese, mostlycomposedof four
characters. Although highlyconvey concise
and fixed in form, they usually canprofound深奥的、深厚
meaning vividly. Most idioms are derived from来 源 于ancient Chinese的literaryworks文 学 作
品related
and are usuallyto some myths, legends or historical events. It is difficult tounderstandth
e exactmeaning of an idiom without knowledge of its origin. Therefore, learning idioms helps people
better understandChinese traditionalculture. Idioms are widely used in dailyconversation
expressiveandcreation. Proper use of idioms can make one's language moreand literary
communicationmore effective.
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