作业的分层布置小结

好的作业设计，不仅可以巩固一堂课所要求掌握的知识，而且可以激发学习兴趣，开发智力，拓展知识面，点燃创造思维的火花，培养分析问题和解决 问题的能力。 新课标提出对我们数学教学的各个方面提出了新的要求，构建数学作业的新形式，是促进学生学习方式变革的一个重要方面。讲究作业设计策略，优化作业设计方法， 可以使每一个学生的数学素养都得到良好的发展，从而从总体的能力上有质的提升。

1. 作业设计要体现下面几方面。

（1）体现情境性，引起学生做作业兴趣

学生对作业是否感兴趣， 在很大程度上取决于作业的内容是否新鲜、 有趣。他们对于内容枯燥、 形式单调的作业感到乏味， 因此， 我们可以给一些枯燥的作业创设一定的情境和活动， 以调动学生的积极性， 使之产生一种内部的需求感， 自觉主动完成作业。

1.

）体现开放性，开拓学生思维

开放题内容丰富、 题材广泛、背景新颖， 贴进学生生活实际； 形式多样， 有文字、表格、图画、对话等，不像封闭性习题形式单一呈现，叙述呆板；又解法灵活， 不单靠记忆、套模式来解题，其深受学生喜爱。同时由于开放题的答案不唯一， 解题时需要运用多种思维方法， 通过多角度、全方位的分析探索， 获得多种结论， 为学生提供了充分发挥创新意识和创新精神的时空途径。

2.

）体现探究实践性，让学生体会学有所用

“数学来源于生活，又服务于生活” 。在习题中揭示出知识的应用价值，让学生体验到数学就在我们的身边， 让学生真切感受到所学的知识是有价值的，

这可以

大大提高学生的作业兴趣和认识水平。 所以通过作业把学生引向家庭， 引向社会， 引向生活， 布置有趣的生活式作业、 丰富的调查式作业、 生动的操作性实践作业是很有必要的。

3.

）体现创新性，体验成就

生活中处处有数学， 而数学又是丰富多彩的。 数学是一门使人精确的学问， 提到数学，许多人都感到数学太呆板，缺乏乐趣。其实，数学中不仅有无穷的乐趣， 而且是培育创新思维的极佳工具。

新课程实验不仅给教师带来了发展的空间，

同时也给学生的发展提供了广阔的空间。 学生在对具体对象的创造设计中能体会到学习的快乐和成就感， 创造性问题的设计和适当的评价相结合对学生的学习热情有巨大的推动作用。

2. 设计作业形式多样化，提高综合能力

作业的形式要有变化， 才能满足各个层次学生的需要。 可以采用的作业形式有：

1.

）自选作业。即让学生根据所学内容，自己选择课本上或课外书上一定量

的练习题作为家庭作业。

2.

）自编作业。根据学生实际，自编相关的习题，作为课外作业。可选择一些

，同学们也增长

质量较好的题让全班同学做，让学生也有机会当一会小“老师” 的知识面。

3.

）阅读作业。教材中就有阅读内容，让学生阅读。也可结合提供一些阅读材

料，以开阔学生的知识视野和自学能力。

4.

）口头作业。一些识记内容的复述，数学公式的落实，解题方法的归纳总

结等的着良好的效果。

5.

）实践作业。学生将课堂中学生到知识到实际生活中去应用。如学习了相似

让学生体会数学知识

三角形后让学生用自己的方法去测量一下学校旗杆的高度。 与生活的紧密联系，同时也锻炼了学生的动手能力。

6.

）实验作业。让学生把学习的知识通过生活中的实验方法去验证，把理论与

实际相连，在亲身探索中加深对知识的理解。

总之，数学作业的内容应是丰富多彩的，形式应是多种多样的，能极大地调 动学生的学习兴趣， 能引导学生关注生活， 使学生在生活中应用数学知识形成综 合能力。为学生的终身发展奠定坚实的基础。在实施新课程标准的大背景下，数学课外作业观念急需转变， 数学教师要以新课程标准精神为依据，确立以学生为本，新颖多样、面向全体、重视学以致用的数学作业观，要树立起新的数学作业设计理念， 使学生的个性在这里得张扬，使学生的人格在这里得尊重，使学生的情感在这里得到体验，使学生的生命在这里得到发展。

国外有创意的作业参考

20+ creative alternative homework ideas for teachers

Sep 26, 2018

When giving homework, it must always be based upon learning goals your students have to reach, just like in your lessons. But it’s sad to see that lots of teachers are using homework as extra lesson time. Of course, as a teacher, you’re on a clock. But that doesn’t mean your students have to suffer from it and keep on working on those boring textbooks and worksheets at home.

Consider goals like attitudes, real life experiences and practice, physical exercise, social encounters, creative solutions and philanthropy as important as your lesson goals. These are things students don’t just pick up in your classroom. These are things they pick up in life.

In this blog post I’ll give you some innovative homework ideas that will engage your students more. These alternatives to traditional homework will thereby also teach your students new things that can’t be taught in the classroom. I will mention homework alternatives for primary school and for high school. Some of these ideas can be changed a little bit so they are the perfect fit for the right audience.

20 Creative homework ideas

You can divide homework tasks into the following themes or categories:

• • • • • •

Crafts & arts

Outdoor activities & outings Games and activities Physical activities

Digital or computer activities Philanthropy & social work

Crafts and arts homework

1. Prepare a dish from a recipe book

Cooking combines courses and goals like comprehensive reading, chemistry and math. Students won’t notice, but they have to understand the recipe in order to complete the dish. They have to measure and weigh all the ingredients and they learn about how the ingredients react with each other. Fascinating, isn’t it?

2. Make a board game

This is definitely one of the most creative homework assignments. Let your students come up with an idea for a board game about the lesson content. They have to make cards, pawns, draw, write, cut and paste. They have to use their imagination and inventive ideas to create a coherent board game.

3. Create a birdhouse

Birdhouses are good for the bird population. Besides that, students will need to use their practical skills to

accomplish the challenge. They will have to measure all the parts and handle tools they’ve never used before. They will learn how to read a blueprint or how to create one. If you’re dealing with older students, it’s definitely a good idea to let them sketch and draw their own bird-dreamhouse.

4. Transform a fictional book character into a hand puppet

A book review can be fun and creative as well. Let your students transform a book character into a hand puppet? Students have to read the book in order to know how the book character looks like. Afterwards, they have to tell what’s the book about with their hand puppet.

Outdoor homework activities and outings

5. Coupon game

Let your students gather as many coupons as they can by going to one single store. Let them write down the original price of the products and then calculate the discount. Which students come out the cheapest? This math homework activity teaches the students to calculate percentages in real life.

Students can also go grocery shopping with their parents. Here, they have to read the ingredients of the products and help their parents choose the healthiest products for the best prices, figure out the best deal between the sizes of items, …

6. Visit the zoo

Let your students visit a zoo and be the family guide. They have to read the map or create their own map

afterwards. You can also let them translate or look up the translation for a foreign language of every animal they visit.

7. Visit the local dumping ground or container park

There are a few lessons, students can learn from this visit. Lots of people throw away perfectly recyclable things you can still use or give a new life. Let them (if possible) pick out a few pieces and give it a new life. The purpose of the tool may be something totally different. Students will also see that the amount of (plastic) waste is still immeasurable. Hopefully, it will encourage them to reduce their own waste consumption.

8. Build a tree house

Students go to the forest and build their own tree house. First, students have to come up with a plan of a

treehouse. Then, they can start measuring, sawing, and building. Let them decorate the tree house with objects out of the forest. Students learn how to sketch & draw and how to replicate a “bueprint” or a drawing in real life. They learn to appreciate nature, handle tools and they go outside from time to time.

Games and activities as homework

9. BookWidgets games

Assign fun learning games to your students. With BookWidgets your students are gaming, but also learning.

As a teacher, you can put your lesson content into a crossword riddle, a wordsearch, a pair matching exercise. Here’s an example for in the elementary classroom or this “spot the difference” exercise for high school students.

10. Minecraft

Let your students build a replica of the school or of their house in minecraft. It will teach them orientation and

it will teach them to read the instructions and follow them. In order to build a replica of their house, students have to measure the areas in the complete house. This means that they will learn how to calculate areas and volume as well.

11. Play Cards

A lot of card games like hearts, patience, bridge, poker, … require a good amount of common sense (and

counting). Encourage your students to visit their grandparents and play a game with cards. Their grandparents or family will love it! I always enjoyed playing cards with my grandparents, even if they couldn’t handle their losses!

12. Play Zoo Tycoon or Rollercoaster Tycoon

I know what you’re thinking… “Do we really need to encourage students to play games?”. Yes, you do. In

these two games, students need to build a zoo or a theme park. But that’s not all. They have to solve problems all the time. They have to gather money to keep on building and to make the park profitable. This game teaches students how to handle money and how to solve problems. And it’s fun as well. That’s exactly the point. Students will learn and remember quicker when they are interested in what they are learning.

Physical homework activities

13. Rope skipping

Rope skipping is the perfect sport to teach and test agility. Encourage students to go rope skipping and

combine it with a game.

Many rope skipping songs let your students do different tricks while rope skipping. This is a great opportunity for

homework as well. Ask your students to transform a rope skipping song to a song with lesson content. Let them count or spell or even sum up the different states or capitals.

14. Walking quest

In a lot of local towns, associations organize walking quests. Students have to go on a walking tour and they

get a paper with pictures on it. They have to find the points on pictures on their way and put them in the right order. This is a fun activity that requires your student’s attention as well.

If there aren’t any walking quests in the neighbourhood, you could ask your students to create a walking quest like this for their fellow students. What a fun day it will be!

15. Obstacle Quiz

Students have to create a quiz out of the lesson materials. This lets them work with the lesson material, and

thus helps them remember it better. Besides that, they have to make a game out of it. It’s not an ordinary quiz: it’s a quiz with challenges.

In order for students to answer the questions, they have to run and pass a challenging parcour. This is a fun homework exercises, and in the end, it’s a great lesson starter or lesson end.

16. Swimming games

Ask your students to go swimming after school or on Sunday morning. They also have to create plasticised

cards from A to D attached to a cord with a weight. They have to prepare fun questions about the lesson material or just questions about the world. The student takes with their family and start the “swim quiz”. The answers are at the bottom of the pool and participants have to dive up the right answer (or letter).

Digital or computer homework activities

17. Create a picture album

Many online services make it easy for you to create an online picture album. Let your students do the same

with their holiday pictures. They have to write a few sentences under each picture as well.

This teaches them to handle the online software, add pictures and write without spelling mistakes. And of course, creating memories is so much fun!

18. Video job application

Job applications are still mostly done by email. This homework task challenges students to dig deeper and

to present them by using video. Students learn how to put together an application, learn how to edit their video, and how to present themselves.

19. Your life in 10 minutes - video

Another great challenge is this one: let your students shoot a video of 10 minutes about their own life and

what they have been through. Students will have to write a script as well and make a storyboard. Then they have to start filming and edit the movie. You’ll get to know your students and they will get to know each other.

20. Email pen-pals

This homework task is already an old one, but it has so much potential. Find a school in another country,

speaking another language that is willing to do the same. Every student gets one pen-pal and they write emails to each other in the language of their pen-pal. It encourages them to write in a foreign language. They will also see the value in it as they will have to be able to speak another language on their work later in life.

Philanthropy and social homework

21. Grow a community garden

A lot of people don’t have much money to spend on

food, or have no access to food at all. Growing a community

garden with vegetables can help. This alternative homework task is much bigger than the others. It requires motivation and perseverance. It’s a long term (school) project that’s not done after one day. Students will have to plant the seeds, grow the greens, harvest the food and deliver it.

22. Help in a retirement home

Lots of elderly people are all alone. They would give

anything for a visit from a nice and friendly face. Let your students help out in a retirement home. Let them talk to the people, play cards, prepare fun activities and so on. Putting a smile on these people’s faces will lighten up the world, even if it’s just a little bit.

23. Help at a homeless shelter

A lot of students don’t have a clue what’s happening in

their own neighbourhood. It’s possible that they don’t even understand the word “poverty”. Let them help in the homeless shelter, and give the homeless food. Let them play cards with them and just talk to them. This challenge can be very confronting, but also a wise lesson.

24. Collect litter

I know this isn’t the nicest homework, but it teaches

students some important lessons about the environment. Ask your student to collect a bucket full of litter they found on the side of the road. Students will see that there still is a lot of trash just lying around. That’s their first lesson: make them aware of this problem. Then, ask them to sort the trash. This is their second lesson: lots of students don’t know what waste goes into which bin.

Here’s another homework tip: Don’t call homework “homework”. Call it a challenge. Homework has become a negative word for students, and I bet they start rolling their eyes as you even mention the word.

For many more ideas for homework, you can check this pdf file. It’s a long list of 22 (!) pages full of alternatives to homework.