英语单词拼读规则表

英语语音知识

1. 元音： 单元音（12）：/ i: / i / e / [æ] / a: / / : / u / u: / / / : / 双元音（8）：/ ei / ai / i / i / u /ε/ u / au / 2. 辅音：（24）

按声带震动与否为：

清音：/ p / t / k / f / s / / h / θ / t / tr / ts /

浊音：/ b / d / g / v / z / m / n / / / /dr / dz / r / w / j / l / 3. 音节：

一个元音，或一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合称为音节。[m, n, l, N]和辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音节。

有几个元音就有几个音节。

开音节：

绝对开音节：辅音字母 + 元音字母

相对开音节：元音字母 + 辅音字母（除r）+ e （不发音） 在重读开音节中，元音字母都读作字母的发音。

闭音节：

元音字母 + 辅音字母（除r）

在重读闭音节中，元音字母a读作/A /， e 读作/ e /，I (y)读作/ I /，o读作/ R /，u读作/ u / 或 / Q /.

（重读闭音节三要素：1. 必须是重读音节； 2. 最后只有一个辅音字母；3. 元音字母发短元音。） ·

音节的划分

①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅音时，一个辅音属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。 例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter

②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅音时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅音属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。 例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther 短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er

字母组合不能分开，必须划在一个音节内，如：ch, th, sh, ph, tr, dr 4．单词重音：

在多音节或双音节词中，有一个读得特别响亮的音节，叫做重读音节。除了一些复合词外，一般说来，每个单词只有一个重读音节，重读音节用重音符号\"’\"来表示。单音节词不标重音符号，但必须重读。

双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。

例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed

含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如： a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor

多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。 例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion 词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation

英语的基本拼读规则

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总规则：1. 元音字母在重读开音节中一般读“字母”音；在闭音节中读“短”音 2．元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]

但：yellow sparrow tomorrow everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[:]

1．元音字母a及其字母组合的读音 元音字母和字母组合 读 音 [ei] [æ] 说 明 在重读开音节中 在重读闭音节中 w+a 例 词 grade，face，table，name ~ 例 外 have [æ] operate liberate hibernate[ei] hesitate celebtate map，practice，that，plan，… hand watch, what，wash，wallet water [:] a [] [α:] [e:] [ei] ) answer, grant, class, grasp, a-n, ss sp sk st th f sand, stand land band [æ] basket，fast，bath，after 在重读音节中 在非重读音节中 在重读音节中 在n./ v. 中 在副词中 a-f/m 在重读音节中 w/wh-ar 在重读音节中 many any straight，afraid，paint，rain [ ai，ay [i] air [ε] [:] [:l] [α:] [α:] [:] [ε] Monday，mountain，holiday，weekday[ ei] birthday[ ei] captain repair，chair，hair，stair chalk，call，small，walk talk also, always, already, half; calm party，artist，farm，card War, warm,toward, quarter glare，care，stare，dare } al salt[:l ] ar 《 various are

au/ augh —[:] [:] August，autumn cause caught aunt, laugh [α:] Australia[] draw，law，saw aw

2．元音字母e及其字母组合的读音 元音字母和字母组合 读 音 [i:] e [e] [e] [i:] ea [i] [ei] ee ei er 、说 明 @ pretty[ i ] 例 词 例 外 在重读开音节中 complete，even，these， 在重读闭音节中 —/ better，enter，fresh breath，head，ready，dead ： meant[e] dreamt breathe，season，least，deal，mean really，real，theatre, idea `reality ocean height[hait] either great，break greet，deep，keep，meet receive，seize, ceiling eight [i:] [i:] /ei/ [:] [i] [:] [ε] /s/-ei 在重读音节中 verb，her，term，serve l, r, j-ew dear， clear，near，hear search，learn，earth，earn bear, wear, pear pioneer，deer engineer few, new blew, threw, grew, Jew clerk[α:] heard [:] heart [α:] ear eer ][i] [ju:] [u] [t] [d] [id] sew [ou] ew （-ed @ 前面是清辅音 jumped，talked，worked，helped （[t]除外） 前面是浊辅音 （[d]除外）或元音 loved，answered， closed， stayed needed，shouted，skated 前面是[t]或[d]

3．元音字母i及其字母组合的读音

元音字母和字母组合 读 音 [ai] — 说 明 例 词 例 外 give, live, lively, satellite wild[waild] wind, climb, sign (signal ), design friend[e] quiet[ ai],society, experience wind [wind] 在重读开音节中 Friday，fine，drive ild ire ind ing

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4．元音字母o及其字母组合的读音 元音字母和字母组合 读 音 说 明 -例 词 例 外 [ou] improve[im5pru:v], , love[] gone[] spoke，pole，note whose[hu:z], lose[lu:z], tomb[tu:m], 在重读开音节中 envelope，piano， photo，radio prove[pru:v] 在某些词的词尾 在重读闭音节中 monument，along，shop，cloth -m,n,v,th -l,m,n结尾 浊辅音-oo-清辅音 ~ o [] [] [u] worry，another，son，monkey donkey, nonsense [] ￥woman，wolf，into coat，boat，road，coal noise，enjoy，choice，boy school，soon，fool， food, roof, boot broad[:] !oa oi，oy oo [ou] [i] [u:] wool

/ 清-oo-浊 shoot[u:] troop 比较：loose [u] / book，look， 清-oo清 / 浊-oo浊 good，foot, good, wood ^ oo-k / ~ ~ ] > ： ur 】 ，

Chicago ` ~ 、 > （ ` ~ 】 ！ ￥ ]

\\ Iraq ： ￥ @ — - ; 、 】 — 《

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honest A. hope B. holiday C. hello D. hotel 2. important A. information B. neighbour C. perform D. forbid 3. father A. faster B. famous C. fall D. factory 4. admit A. bicycle B. active C. beside D. knife 5. endeavour A. journey B. course C. court D. honour 6. headache A. cheat B. machine C. school D. cheery 7. southern A. thirteen B. south C. fourth D. neither 8. whole A. wheat B. while C. whose D. white

9. exactly A. exercise B. except C. expect D. examination 10. heavy A. break B. bread C. deal D. cheap

11. traveler A. service B. performance C. certain D. servant 12. around A. moustache B. announce C. group D. young 13. fresh A. electric B. escape C. equality D. entire 14. certainly A. rely B. really C. terrify D. try 15. condition A. suggestion B. question C. conclusion D. congratulation 16. climb A. beauty B. comb C. border D. behind 17. remain A. Britain B. certain C. explain D. captain 18. removed A. suffered B. laughed C. advanced D. shocked 19. dollars A. roofs B. pillows C. groups D. ports 20. laughter A. enough B. thought C. plough D. through 。

21. courage A. ground B. double C. loud D. mouth 22. brown A. low B. town C. know D. knowledge 23. student A. busy B. ruler C. July D. music 24. waist A. portrait B. captain C. Britain D. plain 25. strength A. bathe B. though C. breathe D. mouth 26. term A. understand B. whisper C. water D. certainly 27. bear A. near B. search C. early D. pear 28. ocean A. concert B. century C. official D. coast 29. sew A. result B. saw C. sure D. sugar

30. salt A. chalk B. calm C. almost D. half 31. language A. dance B. trunk C. many D. money 32. compare A. scare B. inspire C. admire D. enquire 33. advanced A. entrance B. salute C. fortunate D. task 34. lock A. prove B. London C. longer D. lonely 35. Canada A. majority B. balance C. advanced D. dangerous 36. fever A. president B. electric C. fresh D. frequently 37. cousin A. thirsty B. resist C. anxious D. universe 38. worm A. lord B. storm C. worry D. worthy 39. trousers A. dozens B. requests C. desks D. lakes 40. praise 41. April 42. excuse 43. possible 44. foreign 45. academy 46. whose 47. tower 48. pleasant 49. nation 50. repeat 51. month 52. absorb 53. fought 54. pause 55. watched 56. revision 57. object 58. telegraph 59. duty 60. silence 61. patient 62. Thursday 63. hour 64. chocolate 65. strength 66. passenger 67. throughout 68. question 69. material 70. cautious 71. moustache 72. many 73. comparison

A. fairy B. remain A. parent B. basin A. use B. truth A. electric B. expensive A. ceiling B. volleyball A. recite B. recognize A. town B. whom A. tomorrow B. throw A. pleased B. pleasure A. nature B. natural A. already B. bread A. government B. common A. worm B. favor A. brought B. rough A. restaurant B. aunt A. realized B. practised A. possession B. expression A. mother B. ocean A. grammar B. breakfast A. education B. ruler A. practise B. silk A. friend B. achieve A. surround B. nurse A. journey B. court A. machine B. cheek A. northern B. worthy A. vegetable B. guess B. cough A. resolution B. revision A. grammar B. grandson A. curious B. ambitious A. machine B. church A. anything B. library A. quality B. quantity C. said D. prairie C. grasp D. wallet C. truck D. jump C. technique D. electricity C. weight D. receive C. fresh D. cruelty C. wonder D. woman C. slowly D. how C. peaceful D. break C. national D. candle C. defeat D. great C. along D. monument C. north D. emperor C. country D. trouble

C. mauve D. automobile C. whispered D. pleased C. television D. permission C. observe D. obvious C. broadcast D. manage C. blue D. jump C. decide D. astonish C. field D. ancient C. surprise D. pursuit C. tour D. ourselves C. character D. stomach C. theory D. thus C. figure D. together C. enough D. laugh C. suggestion D. possession C. basket D. majority C. obviously D. various C. match D. chalk C. canal D. important C. quarrel D. national

A. naughty

74. childhood A. cool B. food C. wood D. fool 75. woman A. wolf B. lose C. improve D. tomb 76. politics A. tongue B. province C. wonder D. otherwise 77. fortunately A. temperature B. graduate C. classmate D. headache 78. frequently A. serious B. period C. material D. theme 79. poster A. remove B. progress C. house D. ground 80. assistant A. physics B. observe C. nervous D. museum 81. exhibition A. exercise B. exist C. example D. examine 82. mean A. measure B. European C. breath D. meant A. immediately B. destroy C. research D. system 84. length A. southern B. nevertheless C. strengthen D. worthy 85. whereas A. thirsty B. dynasty C. statistics D. hesitate 86. dreadful A. steak B. decrease C. breast D. peanut 87. explanation A. exhibition B. expression C. expand D. exact 88. grade 89．south

A．temperature A．courage A. advantage

B．classmate B．soup B．tooth B. quantity

C．necklace C．southern C．thief C. fortunate

D．fortunate D．trousers D．warmth D. baggage

90．smooth A．feather A. rocket B. compass C. handsome D. holy A. booklet B. goods C. foolish D. foot 94. measure A. conclusion B. discussion C. Asian D. expression 95. official A. cigarette B. precious C. cubic D. recently